Influence of Apple and Citrus Pectins, processed Mango Peels, a Phenolic Mango Peel Extract, and Gallic Acid as potential Feed Supplements on in vitro total Gas Production and Rumen Methanogenesis.

Publication Type

Journal contribution (peer reviewed)

Authors

Geerkens CH, Schweiggert RM, Steingass H, Boguhn J, Rodehutscord M and Carle R

Year of publication

2013

Published in

Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry

Band/Volume

61/

DOI

10.1021/jf401544v

Page (from - to)

5727-5737

Keywords

Fettsäuren, Foodstuff, Hohenheim gas test, Methan, phenolic compounds, protozoa, ruminants

<p><span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: AdvOT2e364b11; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;">Several food processing byproducts were assessed as potential feed and feed supplements. Since their chemical composition revealed a high nutritional potential for ruminants, the Hohenheim in vitro gas test was used to investigate total gas, methane, and volatile fatty acid production as well as protozoal numbers after ruminal digestion of di</span><span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: AdvOT2e364b11+fb; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;">ff</span><span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: AdvOT2e364b11; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;">erent substrate levels. Processing byproducts used were low- and high-esteri</span><span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: AdvOT2e364b11+fb; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;">fi</span><span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: AdvOT2e364b11; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;">ed citrus and apple pectins, integral mango peels, and depectinized mango peels. In addition, the e</span><span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: AdvOT2e364b11+fb; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;">ff</span><span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: AdvOT2e364b11; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;">ect of a phenolic mango peel extract and pure gallic acid was investigated. The highest decrease in methane production (19%) was achieved by supplementing high levels of low-esteri</span><span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: AdvOT2e364b11+fb; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;">fi</span><span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: AdvOT2e364b11; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;">ed citrus pectin to the hay based diet. Interestingly, total gas production was not a</span><span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: AdvOT2e364b11+fb; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;">ff</span><span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: AdvOT2e364b11; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;">ected at the same time. Showing valuable nutritional potential</span><span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;">, all byproducts exhibited, e.g., high metabolizable energy (11.9</span><span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: AdvOT8608a8d1+22; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;">&minus;</span><span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;">12.8 MJ/kg DM). In</span><span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: AdvOT2e364b11; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;"> conclusion, all byproducts, particularly low-esteri</span><span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: AdvOT2e364b11+fb; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;">fi</span><span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: AdvOT2e364b11; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;">ed citrus pectin, revealed promising potential as feed and feed supplements</span></p>