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Publikations-Art
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Zeitschriftenbeitrag
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Autoren
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Makkar, H.P.S.; Becker, K.
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Erscheinungsjahr
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1997
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Veröffentlicht in
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Journal of Agricultural Science, Cambridge
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Band/Volume
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128/3
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Seite (von - bis)
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311-322
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Schlagworte
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rumen
Abstract
Moringa oleifera grows throughout most of the tropics and has several industrial and medicinal uses. The objective of this study was to evaluate the potential of different morphological parts of this tree as animal feed. The crude protein (CP) content of leaves, soft twigs and stems was 260, 70 and 60 g kg(-1) respectively. About 64, 79 and 67% of the total CP present in the leaves, twigs and stems respectively was found to be degradable after 24 h in the rumen. The protein insoluble in acid detergent fibre (ADIP), considered unavailable to animals, in these samples was 30, 150 and 170 g kg(-1) respectively. About 87% of the total CP was in the form of true protein in the leaves (60 and 53% in twigs and stems respectively). The leaves had negligible amounts of tannins (12 g kg(-1)), and trypsin and amylase inhibitors, lectins, cyanogenic glucosides and glucosinolates were not detected. The saponin content of the leaves was 80 g kg(-1) as diosgenin equivalent, which did not show any haemolytic activity. The phytate content of the leaves was 21 g kg(-1). Tannins, saponins, cyanogenic glucosides and glucosinolates were detected in twigs and stems but the concentrations were negligible. Trypsin and amylase inhibitors were not detected in twigs and stems. Phytate contents of both twigs and stems were c. 30 g k(-1). In leaves, amounts of all the essential amino acids were higher than the amino acid pattern of the FAO reference protein and comparable to those in soyabeans. The CP and lipid contents of the kernel were 370 and 420 g kg(-1) respectively, and the CP of the meal (fat-free) was 610 g kg(-1). The kernels and meal are extracted with water and the extract is used for the purification of water in some developing countries. The residues left after water extraction of kernels and meal (designated as extracted-kernel and extracted-meal) had a CP content of 350 and 700 g kg(-1) ... [text cut due to i3v limitations]
